Traumatic Brain Injury
Injury to the brain from an external force, ranging from mild concussion to severe trauma.
Overview
A traumatic brain injury (TBI) is damage to the brain caused by an external force, such as a blow to the head, a fall or a road accident. Injuries range from mild concussion to severe injuries with bleeding or swelling in the brain. Even mild injuries can cause lasting symptoms, and some serious complications develop over hours or days, so assessment after a significant head injury is important.
Symptoms
- Headache, dizziness or confusion
- Loss of consciousness, even briefly
- Nausea or repeated vomiting
- Drowsiness, or being difficult to wake
- Weakness, numbness or slurred speech
- Memory problems, irritability or difficulty concentrating
Treatment options
Mild injuries are usually managed with rest and a gradual return to normal activity, with clear advice on warning signs. More serious injuries may need monitoring in intensive care, medication to control swelling, and surgery to remove blood clots or relieve pressure on the brain. Dr. Hina works with the trauma, critical care and rehabilitation teams throughout recovery. Seek emergency care straight away after a head injury with loss of consciousness, repeated vomiting or worsening drowsiness.